Components – cwistED https://cwisted.com Life Readiness Learning Wed, 27 Mar 2024 15:16:35 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.1 https://cwisted.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/cropped-icon-32x32.png Components – cwistED https://cwisted.com 32 32 Project Depth within the Overarching Theme https://cwisted.com/project-depth-within-the-overarching-theme/ Sat, 16 Sep 2023 12:47:05 +0000 https://cwisted.com/?p=1240

Project Depth

We have chosen to provide you with Financial Literacy as an Example. Remember that Real Life Readiness PBL and Active Learning are skills students bring home and apply outside of the classroom.

Below you will find a sample of a pedagogical breakdown, grade by grade TK-8, with a real life sample of how all of the components fit together within multidisciplinary curriculum standards and skills.

Overarching Theme

Financial Literacy Projects

Financial literacy refers to the knowledge and skills needed to make informed and effective decisions about money. It involves comprehending concepts such as budgeting, saving, investing, credit, debt, and basic financial planning.

These skills are crucial for students’ personal and professional lives, and that’s why it is a big opportunity to have financial literacy projects in schools.

Why financial literacy projects are important

Real-life preparation

Financial literacy projects help students develop practical skills that will be used every day. As students grow older, they will need to manage their personal finances, make informed decisions about spending and saving, and understand the implications of credit and debt. These learning experiences provide a solid foundation to navigate the complex world of personal finance.

Empowerment

Knowledge is power, and financial literacy empowers students to take control of their financial future. By learning about budgeting, investing, and money management, they learn to be prepared to make wise financial choices, building the confidence to set goals, plan for major expenses, and make informed decisions about their education, career, and lifestyle.

Avoiding financial pitfalls

Without proper financial knowledge, it’s easy to fall into common pitfalls that can lead to financial stress and hardship. By engaging in financial literacy projects, students can learn to avoid excessive debt, understand the impact of interest rates, and recognize scams and fraudulent activities. These skills will protect them and their families from making costly mistakes and help them build a more secure financial future.

Entrepreneurial spirit

Financial literacy projects also foster an entrepreneurial spirit. Students will learn about the fundamentals of starting and running a business, managing cash flow, and assessing risks and opportunities. These skills not only enable them to consider entrepreneurship as a viable career path but also nurture creativity, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills that are valuable in any profession.

Long-term financial well-being

The knowledge gained from financial literacy projects will benefit students throughout their life. By developing good financial habits early on, students will be better prepared to save for retirement, make investments, and achieve their long-term financial goals.
Remember, financial literacy projects provide students with practical skills that extend far beyond the classroom. They prepare them with the knowledge to make informed decisions, avoid common pitfalls, and set themselves up for a successful financial future.

How can I connect different topics in a financial literacy project, or any project for that matter?

Financial literacy at school is not just a set of isolated activities focused solely on money matters. It can be seamlessly integrated into various projects and learning experiences, making learning more engaging and relevant for students. Whether it serves as the main focus or connects to other subjects, financial literacy offers a wide range of skills that extend beyond budgeting and pricing.

Let’s explore two examples that demonstrate the multifaceted nature of financial education projects:

1
Event Planning for a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)

Imagine a project where students are tasked with organizing an event for an NGO that partners with the school. This project not only involves budgeting and pricing for the event but also requires the students to develop various other skills. They need to understand the organization’s mission and goals, communicate with the NGO’s representatives, and identify the target audience for the event.
By collaborating with the NGO, students learn about teamwork, negotiation, and project management. They may need to seek sponsorships and donations, honing their persuasion and communication abilities. Additionally, the event planning process might involve marketing and publicizing the event, fostering creativity and innovation.
As the event takes shape, students get hands-on experience with time management and problem-solving, anticipating potential challenges and finding solutions. The project also emphasizes the importance of financial responsibility and accountability, as students must handle funds and track expenses to ensure the event’s success.

2
Creating a Guided Tourist Attraction and Planning Tours

In this example, a class embarks on a project to create a guided tour of their city. As they research its history, geography, and culture, students gain knowledge in various subjects, such as history, language arts, and social studies. The process of interviewing locals and discovering intriguing facts enhances their interviewing and research skills.

When it comes to planning the suggested tours, financial education comes into play. Students need to consider the costs involved, such as transportation, admission fees, and food expenses. They learn about budgeting and making informed financial decisions to design tours that are both engaging and affordable.

Moreover, organizing these tours entails logistical planning, time management, and risk assessment. Students collaborate in groups, improving their teamwork and communication abilities. As they encounter real-world scenarios, they develop problem-solving skills and learn from practical experiences.

These examples showcase how financial literacy projects extend beyond teaching isolated financial concepts. They can be interconnected with various engaging themes, helping students develop a wide range of skills and standards.

Take a look at how some subjects and knowledge areas can be developed through financial literacy projects.

Math

Financial literacy projects provide practical applications for mathematical concepts. By engaging in age and grade appropriate activities beginning with concepts such as monetary systems and currency and advancing from such concepts as living costs and budgeting, to calculating interest, and analyzing investment options, students can reinforce their understanding of mathematical principles while simultaneously developing crucial money management skills.

Economics

Understanding economics is essential for making informed financial decisions. Financial literacy offers a practical context to explore economic concepts such as supply and demand, market forces, and consumer behavior. By connecting financial literacy with economics, you gain a deeper understanding of the broader economic landscape and its impact on personal finances.

Entrepreneurship

Financial literacy can be connected to the world of entrepreneurship. You can explore age and grade related basics, beginning with what a business is, why and how people chose business over employment, the risks versus security and benefits and advance to starting and investing in a business including developing business plan and finances within an entrepreneurial context. This integration not only enhances your financial literacy but also nurtures your entrepreneurial mindset, fostering creativity, problem-solving, and strategic thinking.

Technology

In today’s digital age, technology plays a vital role in financial transactions and money management. Financial literacy can incorporate technology-related components such as researching online financial resources, using budgeting apps, or analyzing investment platforms. By integrating technology with financial literacy, you develop digital literacy skills that are increasingly important in today’s interconnected world.

Social Studies

Financial literacy is closely connected to social and cultural aspects of society. It involves understanding the impact of socio-economic factors, cultural influences on financial behavior, and global economic systems. By exploring these connections within social studies, financial literacy projects help you develop a broader perspective on financial decisions and their implications for individuals and communities.

Critical Thinking and Decision Making

Financial literacy inherently involves critical thinking and decision-making skills. Analyzing financial data, weighing pros and cons, evaluating risks, and making informed choices are all integral parts of financial literacy. Engaging in these projects strengthens your ability to think critically, solve problems, and make sound decisions, skills that are valuable across various disciplines.

Ethical and Responsible Citizenship

Financial literacy also provides an opportunity to discuss ethical and responsible financial behavior. Topics such as responsible borrowing, understanding consumer rights, and sustainable investing can be explored within the context of financial literacy. This integration helps you develop a sense of ethical responsibility and encourages you to make financial decisions that align with your values and contribute to the well-being of society.

By integrating financial education into various subjects and real-life scenarios, students not only gain essential financial skills but also develop a holistic skill set encompassing critical thinking, communication, organization, and social responsibility. Such projects enrich their learning journey and prepare them to be well-rounded individuals capable of making informed decisions in both personal and professional spheres.

What If I Am Not Knowledgeable In Financial Literacy?

Financial literacy may indeed be a new and unfamiliar topic to you. Like any new subject, it can spark curiosity, raise questions and even evoke a bit of fear. It’s perfectly normal to feel this way when encountering something new and complex.

However, rest assured! Embracing financial literacy can be a rewarding journey that empowers you with essential life skills.

In certain cases, financial literacy projects may involve more technical concepts or subjects that you haven’t worked with before. This might initially feel overwhelming, but remember, learning is a process. It’s okay not to have all the answers right away. The beauty of learning by and through projects is that they provide an opportunity to explore and discover new areas of knowledge.

If you encounter topics that seem challenging, don’t worry. Seek guidance and support from your colleagues. Consult these links that can shed light on the concepts you’re grappling with. Don’t hesitate to ask questions and engage in discussions to deepen your understanding.

Embrace the mindset that projects are not about finding the right answers, rather discovering them through exploration and learning along the way. Embracing the learning process means accepting that you might make mistakes or take detours, and that’s okay! Mistakes are valuable opportunities for growth and learning. When you encounter obstacles, it’s a chance to reflect, adjust, and continue on your journey with newfound knowledge and experience.

Approach financial literacy projects with an open mind and a willingness to challenge yourself. As you learn more about budgeting, investing, or other financial topics, you’ll gain practical skills that will serve you well throughout your life. Understanding financial literacy is empowering not only for your students, but also for you who will be able to put some of these concepts into practice in your own personal life.

Project Library

  • All Themes
  • Public Blocks
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]]> Financial Literacy https://cwisted.com/financial-literacy/ Fri, 15 Sep 2023 19:59:11 +0000 https://cwisted.com/?p=1235

Financial Literacy

Competency Based Learning & curriculum

The Theme and Associated Skills

Curriculum under the microscope 

Based on Financial Literacy as an Overarching theme, we have broken down what the skill side of curriculum looks like when bundling:

Financial Literacy skills

Money in our lives

  • Understand the concept of money and its units.
  • Understand the ways of earning money and how it is used in everyday life.
  • Relate everyday decisions and relate them to money.
  • Explore tradeoffs.
  • Recognize the price of items.
  • Identify the role of money in future life.

Consumer skills

  • Recognize the different payment types and know when they can be used.
  • Read recipes and understand their ingredients and quantities.
  • Prepare a shopping list.
  • Compare prices and research opportunities at different stores.
  • Check the purchase receipt and identify the amounts and information on it.
  • Know how to apply discounts and coupons to a purchase.

Budgeting

  • Learn to track and manage the money.
  • Prepare a budget considering the needs and expenses.
  • Identify the needs and wants.

Savings

  • Identify the future goals and the amount needed to achieve them.
  • Build saving habits.
  • Build an emergency fund.
  • Pay bills and save money.
  • Know the different types of accounts to save money.
  • Apply compound interest when calculating savings.

Investing

  • Understand what investments are.
  • Identify the types of investments available, their characteristics and expected returns.
  • Understand and apply different risk strategies.

Credit

  • Understand when to borrow money, from whom and under what conditions.
  • Know how credit cards work and how interest applies.
  • Understand what a credit score is and the implications of keeping it high.

Life after high school

  • Design a plan for the years after high school.
  • Create a budget for the future.
  • Explore interests to design a career map.
  • Know the options available to pay for college.

Skills integrated into the 17 Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 1
No poverty

  • Build awareness of inequalities
  • Understand that local actions have a great impact on the fight against poverty

SDG 2
Zero hunger

  • Ability to understand the difficulties and particularities of populations living under food insecurity worldwide.
  • Identify possibilities for sustainable agriculture.
  • Know and understand the nutritional value of food as well as simple and economical ways to eat healthily.

SDG 3
Good health and well-being

  • Demonstrate the motivation and commitment to exercise and moving the body in response to needs, balance, and well-being.
  • Demonstrate an adequate level of physical fitness regardless of the sport chosen.
  • Demonstrate determination in practicing exercise and sport, understanding that perseverance develops skills.

SDG 4
Quality education

  • Participate in school and community decisions.
  • Involve the community in the school’s main actions.
  • Reflect on the pedagogical practices and participate in the choice of themes.

SDG 5
Gender equality

  • Identify situations of gender inequality and propose different ways to change them.

SDG 6
Clean water and sanitation

  • Identify opportunities to enhance protection and restoration of water-related ecosystems; and hygiene education.

SDG 7
Affordable and clean energy

  • Identify the most common sources of energy, whether they are sustainable or not.
  • Reflect on the energy used in everyday actions, how much it costs, what it is used for, and where it comes from.
  • Understand political values related to energy sources.

SDG 8
Decent work and economic growth

  • Understand ways of working, laws and rights.
  • Identify situations in which children are exposed to work and think of ways to minimize them.

SDG 9
Industry, innovation and infrastructure

  • Understand the productive chains and their characteristics.
  • Know local businesses, their characteristics and interactions with other parts of the city and/or country.

SDG 10
Reduced inequalities

  • Reflect on the different causes of inequality between countries or even between people from the same country.
  • Able to understand and identify prejudice among oneself and others.
  • Identify situations where there is inequality and propose another approach.

SDG 11
Sustainable cities and communities

  • Able to define what it means for a city or community to be sustainable.
  • Reflect on the challenges of communities and cities to be sustainable.
  • Know about sustainable practices already used in other cities.

SDG 12
Responsible consumption and production

  • Know the natural resources of your own region and how they are being used.
  • Understand the consumption chain, companies and people involved.

SDG 13
Climate action

  • Identify actions that can increase the effect of climate change.
  • Able to design solutions to minimize the effect of climate change in the community or school.

SDG 14
Life below water

  • Understand the actions that can degrade the oceans, seas and marine resources.
  • Identify possibilities to reduce marine pollution and overfishing.

SDG 15
Life on land

  • Know the forest’s biodiversity, what it is used for and why it should be preserved.
  • Identify actions that promote the sustainable use of natural resources.

SDG 16
Peace, justice and strong institutions

  • Recognize the institutions of power that can guarantee security and peace.
  • Identify aspects in the community that can be improved to promote safety.

SDG 17
Partnership for the goals

  • Share with the community the main aspects that can be developed.

Integrating the World Economic Forum’s Top 10 Skills

Analytical Thinking

  • Testing ideas and resources while reasoning focusing on the solution.
  • Combine and establish relationships between information and arguments.

Creative Thinking

  • Be able to explore different possibilities and scenarios.
  • Know brainstorming techniques and work on ideas and strategies.

Resilience, Flexibility and Agility

  • Embrace new challenges and have confidence in your ability to surpass limitations.
  • Show flexibility by incorporating new ideas and making revisions.

Motivation and Self-Awareness

  • Recognize and identify your own emotions.
  • Comprehend the appropriate management of emotions or behavior within a specific social or environmental context.

Curiosity and Lifelong Learning

  • Realize that making mistakes is part of the process and that learning can occur in these moments. Recognize that it is important to ask for help.
  • Learn independently. Be able to work without an adult’s support for periods of time.

Technological Literacy

  • Analyze and select information from digital sources. Know how to gather information and communicate the theme and main idea.
  • Use digital tools in an ethical and appropriate way.

Dependability and Attention to Detail

  • Use observations and ideas to propose solutions to inquiries.
  • Collect, describe, and document data to aid in addressing questions.

Empathy and Active Listening

  • Demonstrate open-mindedness and empathy of the group’s needs and its dynamic.
  • Comprehend one’s role within the team. Promote interactions within small and large groups, or assist others in facilitating them.

Leadership and Social Influence

  • Assume shared responsibility for collaborative work, and value the individual contributions made by each team member.
  • Coordinate the organization, decision-making and execution of team needs and goals.

Quality Control

  • Assess and analyze the effectiveness of a solution, identifying potential areas for improvement.
  • Use a variety of media sources and technologies and have the ability to evaluate their effectiveness and assess their impact.

Resources

Click here to learn more about the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals

Click here to learn more about the World Economic Forum Top 10 skills of “Future of Jobs”.

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]]> Overarching Theme https://cwisted.com/overarching-theme/ Fri, 15 Sep 2023 19:51:06 +0000 https://cwisted.com/?p=1230

Overarching Theme

overarching themes

The overarching theme

Working with overarching themes aligned to the arc of learning provides a unifying focus, connecting various subjects and activities under a central idea.
This approach allows students to grasp the relevance and significance of their work, creating a sense of purpose and direction. When students can relate their learning to meaningful contexts, they are more likely to become active participants in their education. Whether it’s exploring sustainability through renewable energy projects or investigating historical events through role-playing simulations, overarching themes add relevance and authenticity to the learning experience.

By engaging with a theme that resonates with their interests and experiences, students naturally become more invested in the project. The theme acts as a hook, capturing their attention and motivating them to delve deeper into the subject matter. Additionally, students are encouraged to take ownership of their learning as they collaborate on projects that align with their passions. This empowerment fosters a sense of autonomy and responsibility, which can lead to a more positive attitude toward learning.

Furthermore, the incorporation of overarching themes encourages interdisciplinary learning. Subjects that may seem unrelated in traditional classroom settings can be seamlessly integrated within the context of a project. For instance, a project centered around designing a sustainable city might incorporate elements of math, science, social studies, and even art and literature. By breaking down the barriers between subjects, students develop a holistic understanding of the topic, appreciating the interconnectedness of knowledge.

As students progress through projects with overarching themes, they are encouraged to develop essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration. In real-world scenarios, these skills are highly sought-after by employers and are essential for success in the rapidly changing job market. Projects not only prepare students for future challenges but also nurture a growth mindset, instilling the belief that they can learn, adapt, and overcome obstacles in any field they pursue.

Teachers also benefit from working with overarching themes in projects. It provides them with greater flexibility to tailor the projects to the unique interests and abilities of their students, making the learning experience more personalized. As facilitators and mentors, teachers can guide students on their learning journey while encouraging them to explore and discover knowledge independently. This role shift from a traditional instructor to a facilitator of learning creates a more dynamic and enriching classroom environment.

Leading projects with overarching themes is a transformative educational approach that fosters engagement, enthusiasm, and deeper understanding. By connecting students to real-world issues and allowing them to explore their passions, projects empower learners and equip them with essential skills for success in the future. Teachers, in turn, become facilitators of learning, guiding students on their path to discovery. Embracing projects with overarching themes can revolutionize the way we educate the next generation, preparing them to face the challenges of an ever-evolving world with confidence and ingenuity.

How can you define an overarching theme

Defining an overarching theme for a project or many of them is a thoughtful and tailored process. It involves aligning the theme with the students’ age-appropriate interests and abilities, the learning environment, and the unique characteristics of the community they belong to.

Understand the Grade Level:

Consider the developmental stage of the students and their academic abilities. For younger students, themes should be more concrete and relatable, while older students may benefit from more complex and abstract themes. The theme should be challenging enough to engage their interests and stimulate critical thinking but not overly daunting to discourage them.

Assess the Learning Context:

Take into account the learning context, which includes the school’s curriculum, resources, and facilities. Ensure that the theme aligns with the curriculum objectives and learning goals. Consider the available resources and how they can support the project’s execution. The theme should be adaptable to the learning environment, whether it’s a traditional classroom, a lab, or an outdoor space.

Reflect on Community Characteristics:

Understanding the community characteristics is crucial in developing a relevant and meaningful theme. Consider the cultural, social, economic, and environmental aspects of the community. The theme should be relatable and resonate with the students’ lived experiences, helping them connect their learning to real-world situations. It should also address any pressing community issues or challenges to encourage a sense of social responsibility.

Involve Stakeholders:

Engage various stakeholders, including teachers, students, parents, and community members, in the process of defining the overarching theme. Their input can provide valuable insights and ensure that the chosen theme reflects the collective interests and values of the community. Based on the considerations above, the theme should excite and inspire both students and educators, fostering a sense of enthusiasm and commitment to the learning journey.
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]]> Competency Based Learning & Curriculum https://cwisted.com/competency-based-learning-curriculum/ Fri, 15 Sep 2023 17:59:43 +0000 https://cwisted.com/?p=1208

Competency Based Learning

Competency Based Learning & curriculum

Fostering Real-Life Skills and Knowledge
in the School Curriculum

As we reflect on the concept of learning, we can’t help but see it as a continuous journey – a state of perpetual growth and development.

Learning doesn’t end when the school day is over or exist only on the pages of a textbook; it extends beyond, intertwined with real-life experiences. As such, it becomes evident that a modern school curriculum should go beyond promoting mere standards.

It should cultivate a diverse range of skills that are not only applicable, but crucial in navigating the complexities of the real world.

A school curriculum should be constantly reviewed to represent a combination of the past and future centered around the present: the only moment that each student is experiencing school.
By opting for a curriculum focused on the development of competencies and skills, the possibilities of working in a meaningful and contextualized structure increase. We always start from the students’ interests and pedagogical development needs to plan their learning experiences, with no pre-established route for skill development, which should be experienced at all grade levels, in a transdisciplinary manner.
By tracking and monitoring the development of competencies such as: resilience, metacognition, self-confidence, and self-management throughout the students’ lives, the school becomes a place for creating bonds, healthy social-emotional development, and an environment conducive to the development of empathy, cooperation, and self-regulation.

What we will see next is based on extensive research and analysis of different curricular structures from various organizations and countries.

In the links below you can deep dive into what other countries and organizations are working on when it comes to innovative curriculum design.

  • Center for Curriculum Redesign
  • The Learning Compass proposed by the Future of Education and Skills 2030 project by OECD.
  • The Finnish Curriculum is a worldwide reference for its education system which is based on principles of equity, individualized learning, and a holistic approach to education. The focus is on nurturing well-rounded individuals who can think critically, solve problems, and participate actively in society. The Finnish curriculum is less centralized and more flexible compared to many other education systems. It grants teachers a high degree of autonomy in designing their lessons and tailoring them to meet the needs of their students, which prioritizes developing students’ critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity skills rather than solely focusing on standardized testing.

How do you envision your curriculum design?

Common Core
Next Generation Curriculum
Habits of Success
Life Readiness Skills
The 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals

The World Economic Forum Skills

Resources

Check this page if you would like to consult and/or read the competencies and skills in detail.

Click here to learn more about the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals.

Click here to learn more about the World Economic Forum 15 skills of “Future of Jobs”.

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]]> What are the Components of The Arc of Learning? https://cwisted.com/what-are-the-components-of-the-arc-of-learning/ Fri, 15 Sep 2023 15:10:29 +0000 https://cwisted.com/?p=1187

Components

The Arc of Learning

What are the Components of The Arc of Learning?

The arc of learning is a visual model teachers use for organizing themselves around the work of planning projects.

The arc serves to guide a collaborative practice and is representative of the learning journey students take as they complete a project.

It begins with gathering information about the students’ interests and wonders that is then used to define the project itself.

Along the arc, a variety of academic tasks and learning opportunities enable students to develop skills and language necessary to complete a culminating product called a “deliverable.”

Assessments built into the arc allow teachers to differentiate instruction to meet the needs of students and guide students’ progress along the arc.

Interest Gathering

Interest gathering is a critical first step. As we know, students learn best when they are highly engaged and engagement increases when academic tasks and activities pertain to topics the students find interesting. In order to identify students’ interests, we take time to allow students to share and discuss ideas. Interest gathering sessions can be initiated and led in a variety of ways. A teacher can lead a 50-minute interest gathering session, or 5 short sessions for one whole week. The goal is that all students have an opportunity to express their interests and thoughts.

It is important to note that identifying topics students are curious about or are interested in exploring can also be collected from the insights that teachers gain in their day-to-day interactions with students.

Teachers then have the individual and collective answers to what their students are really interested in life or want to learn, so they can then plan the class’ project proposals considering their interests as well as their content and skills development needs.

Teachers are encouraged to be flexible in order to understand potential questions and ideas from students, actively listening to what they are expressing and even to justify why an interest is included or not in a project proposal.

Below we share some suggestions for strategies to run
interest gathering sessions:

Simply question students about what they would like to learn.
Look at an image and ask students to tell what they observe and what makes them wonder about it.
Conducting surveys.
Take a walk and have students make a list of objects that catch their attention.
Ask “would you rather” questions.

Work with lists, questions and answers, different types of reading materials (such as newspapers, blogs, social media entries).

Real life problems and experiences can be used as a catalyst to lead group discussions.

Observing spontaneous and varied interactions in different contexts can be helpful to identify interests and needs.

“Head, Heart, Hand” – students draw a human body and write down interests that represent:

  • their thoughts (head),
  • their feelings (heart),
  • hands-on ideas for games and movement (hand).
School surroundings analysis.
In small groups or in a big circle, make open-ended questions, such as “ How can we find out…?”, “What do we know about…?”, “ What would happen if…?”.
Teacher reading, shared reading, reading the same news with different points of view, individual reading highlighting information like “who?”, “where”?.
Image reading (describing elements), etc. Science magazines and internet videos can be used, as well as printed news stories and current affairs on video or television (ensuring they are age appropriate).
Themes used in previous projects from the previous period: teachers can revisit some unexplored points so that students recall potential interests or needs that should be explored or delved into.

An example of an Interest Gathering activity that could be used with 3rd graders:

Do they know the answer?
Are they curious about Geography and maps?
What do they know about these four countries?
Where are they located etc.?

Source: https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/category/discover/science

Present the compiled information on the topics using different materials and media, such as mind maps, flowcharts and design thinking strategies. Discuss with the group via brainstorms and provocations.

Once students’ interests have been identified, teachers and students work together to shape a project proposal. Topics are considered, authentic problems to be solved are identified, real-world issues requiring solutions are investigated, potential to build something new is explored, and more. In the end, a driving question or problem can be agreed upon that will guide the development of the arc of learning.
Here are some examples:
Students want to learn how a vaccine is made.
Students want to understand why the dinosaurs disappeared.
Students want to understand where paper sheets come from and if they can produce their own paper at school.

Learning Outcomes and The Deliverable

Having settled upon a topic and a driving question or real-world problem, we skip to the end of the arc of learning and consider what learning outcomes the project lends itself to and what cognitive skills will be developed in the process. With these objectives in mind, teachers work with students to imagine how students can demonstrate their learning in some type of culminating product we call the Deliverable.
The deliverable can take on a variety of forms, independent of one another or in combination, including:
  • presentations,
  • videos productions,
  • written reports,
  • posters,
  • podcasts,
  • literary productions,
  • dramatic performances, etc.
Whatever the form, the deliverable serves as a student’s opportunity to demonstrate his/her learning in a creative way; featuring the skills and competencies developed through the project, showcasing language acquired, as well as the habits of success cultivated. The deliverable should directly address the driving question or real-world problem initially stated and reflect the students’ learning journey.

Example:

Teachers and students dive into a shared reading of a newspaper article about problematic sleeping patterns and how it relates to the brain’s functions. The students start to question the human body and how it functions. They ask questions about the reasons we yawn, why we feel certain aches, what causes hunger and how we feel certain emotions when we are happy, sad or in love. Mind maps and lists can be created and used.

The following week, teachers bring some extra information and images and, after analyzing everything, they collectively decide that it will be a great opportunity for them to understand human reactions through learning and understanding the concept of the chemical reactions that occur in the human body and inside the brain.

They then decide to start a project enabling a deep investigation of what can be done to help people often stressed have a better night’s sleep, including their own parents.

The final product in this case, defined as an artistic representation of the research, either 2D or 3D for a final exhibition event.

Activities and Tasks

With the deliverable in mind, we begin a process of backward design to develop learning opportunities and tasks that will enable students to expand their knowledge and understanding of the subject, build cognitive skills, develop language, think creatively, exchange ideas and analyze new information, work collaboratively with others, reflect on their learning, and more.

A variety of learning experiences can be utilized, including but not limited to:

  • research,
  • hosting a guest speaker in the classroom,
  • conducting interviews,
  • teacher-led direct instruction,
  • small group discussions
  • socratic seminars,
  • formulating and testing a hypothesis,
  • writing.
It is worth noting here that the arc of learning should be seen as flexible and adaptable to the individual needs of all students. Over the course of the project, it may become apparent that a particular group of students would benefit from additional instruction or support in a specific area and steps should be taken to accommodate the identified need. On the other hand, another group of students may quickly demonstrate mastery in a particular area indicating that they are ready to move along the arc to take on the next level of learning.
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